Background:
Onchocerciasis, a severely debilitating
neglected tropical disease caused by Onchocerca volvulus, has been
earmarked for global elimination by the year 2040. To achieve the elimination
targets, new tools such as adulticidal drugs, vaccine candidates and
diagnostics are urgently needed. With the recent elucidation of the entire
genome of O. volvulus comes a great opportunity for research on
parasitic enzymes which may be important players in the parasite’s survival.
Previous researchers have identified 16 top genes that code for possible
chokepoint enzymes. These 16 hypothetical proteins are possible targets of
repurposed drugs and could offer a cheaper alternative to developing drugs from
scratch. However, these enzymes have not been molecularly confirmed in the
parasites and their biochemical character as yet unknown. The study will use
immunohistochemistry and microscopy to determine the presence and anatomic
locations of amidase enzyme and then clone, overexpress and purify the enzymes.
Enzyme activity, substrate specificity assays and kinetic analysis will be
performed to provide insight on the nature of the enzyme. It
is expected that this study will provide insight into the parasites’ metabolism
and demonstrate the utility of amidase as therapeutic targets with future
prospects as vaccine candidates and/or diagnostic markers.